Causes of asthma-
There are many causes of asthma but some predisposive factors are known which are following
- Allergic reaction from dust, animal furrs, paint smell
- Exesive exciase
- Emotional factors- cold environment mostly affect asthmatic attack
- Enviromental factors
Sign and Symptomes of asthma-
- wheezing sound during expiration
- short inspiration and long expiration
- chet tenderness
- cough
- Dyspnea
- SOB( shortness of breath)
- Restlessness
- cynosis may occurs due to hypoxia
- Excessive use of accessory muscles of respiration
Diagnostic evaluation-
- As per positive sign of symptoms
- Spirometory test - it is the test to determine the oxygen level in alveolis of lungs.
- Lungs sound vdeded
Managment of asthama-
- Medical managment-
- Bronchodialator drugs- These type of drugs are used to smoothen the brochial muscles.i.g.- salbutamol, albuterol sulphate, metaproterenol.
- Anticolenergics(spray) - It is the short acting bronchodialator.
- Nebulization- nebulization helps to smoothen the secretions of bronchus.
Nursing management of asthmatic patient-
- Assesment of client-
- monitor vital signs
- monitor peak flow
- Assess signs and symptoms of patient
- Assess activity level of patient
- Nursing Diagnosis-
- ineffective Airway clearance R/T Excessive mucous production or narrowing of airway
- Ineffective breathing pattern R/T Swelling of the brochial tubes
- Activity intolerance R/T dypnea, reatlessness
- knowledge level deficit R/T disease condition
- Nursing Interventions-
- Goal - maintain breathing pattern to achieve normal breathing pattern
- Assess the client's vitals
- assess breath sound
- Assess for dypnea
- monitor ABG
- Elevate the head at 45
- Encourage the client to take slow and deep breathing
- Provide deep breathing exercises.
- Goal- Achive normal breathing level
- Assess patient's breath sound
- Assess effect of drug therapy
- Assess weakness of client
- Encourage activity of patient
- Performed all care at one time
- Help patient during mobilization.
- Goal- Provide education about asthma and its care
- Assess the client's knowledge of care
- Assess the client level of awareness about causes of asthmatic attack.
- Ask patient about his/her tobacco uses
- gave health education to client
Health education for an asthmatic client
- Educate client about spiromatory
- Educate client how to do deep breathing excersice
- Gave advice to the client to take quick relief inhalor with her
- stay away from allergen substances
