CVA:- Cerebrovascular Attack/Strock [ causes, symptoms and its treatment]

 Cerebro vascular accident/atteck is atype of brain strock. which developes from inadequate blood suppy to the part of brain or due to the rupture of vesscle which suppys the blood to the brain. which developes uncordinated function of brain, and psychological symptoms.

The effects of CVA may vary from minor to severe disability.

😷CAUSES

• Arterosclerosis:- A collection of fat, cholestrol,and other substans in and on the artery wall
• Small penetrating artery thrombosis
• Cardiogenic emboli
•  Vasospasm of cerebral arteries
• coagulation disorders
•  drug abuse
• Pathological conditions:-diabetes mellitus,hypertension,migraine etc.

😕Risk factors :- Risk factors associaed with strockes can be divied into two types 

• Non modifiable:-Gender,age,race, heredity, 
• Modifiable:- lifestyle, alcoholism,smoking,

• Pathophysiology;

          
         Factors affecting   cerebral blood flow[ Extra cranial and Intracranial]  
                        ⇓
                      Interrupted blood supply to the brain
                           ⇓        

       Subarechenoid heamrrhage due to pressure on affected artery of brain

                         ⇓  
 Increase intracranial pressure resulting fron sudden transfer of blood in subarechenoid space
                        ⇓
            Injury brain tissue, and secoundary ischemia of the brain
                        ⇓
            Alteretion in neurological metabolism in 30sec.
                                ⇓                    
               Metabolism stopes in 2 min after interruption in brain blood supply 
                                ⇓                         
              Cellular death occurs in 5 min after interruptin of brain blood supply 
                        

    Types of strock:-

• Ischemic shock 
• Hearrhagic shock
• Transient Ischemic shock(Mini strock)

WHAT ARE THE FIVE WARNING SIGN OF STROCK??

• Sudden severe headache 
• Sudden weakness
• Sudden dizziness
• Sudden vision trouble
• Sudden speech trouble

😷Symptoms of strock

• In a esay way we can learn symptoms of strock by learning 
• FAST
• F=Facial dropping
• A=Arm weakness
• S=Speech difficulty
• T=Trouble walking & lack of consentration

😷OTHER MAIN SYMPTOMS

• severe headache 
• vision disturbance
• Aphagia
• occulomotor nerve palsy
• diplopia
• Ataxia
• sweating 
• nausea
• urinary incontinence
• hypertention
• memory loss 

📂Test and exam for strock diagnosis

• physical examination of the symptoms
• blood tests
• CT SCAN
• MRI
• Carotoid  ultra sound
• Cerebral angiography
• Echocardiography

💊Treatment of strock:-

•  The treatment of strock is depended on the type of strock

🔶medical treatment:-

• Thrombolytic drugs
• Antiplaletes drugs
• Anticoagulants
• ACE Inhibitors(For reduce the blood peressure)
• Calcium channel blockers(For reduce the blood peressure)
• Stanins drugs (To reduce the blood cholestrol level)

🔶Surgical treatments

• Thrombectomy
• carotid endarterectomy
• cephalic shunting may be perfoemed for draining of collected blood in subarechanoid space

💊Nursing diagnosis💊

• Ineffective Cerebral tissue perfussion R/T Interruption in blood flow to the brain
• Impaired physical mobility R/T Paresthesia, cogneive impairment
• Risk for impaerment swallowing R//T Neuromuscular impairment
• Activity Intolerance R/T Cerebrovacular impairment
•