It is also known as cerebrospinal infection.Meningitis is the acute inflammation of the mininges layers( pia and arachnoid metter)which surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
what is mininges :-
- meninges are the surrounding membrane of brain and spinal cord there are 3 types of meninges
- Dura matter, arachenoid,and pia metter
- These covering provides supportive freamwork structure of brain and spinal cord.
- These covering provides to protection brain and spinal cord
- Becterial causes:- streptococcus pneumonia(pneumococcus),meningococcus, HIb
- Viral causes:- Enterovirus, Herpix simplex virus, Mumps, west neil virus,
Sign and symptoms of meningitis:-
- fever
- cerebral edema
- sevr headache
- Nuchual rigidity
- photophobia
- decreased intra ocular pressure
- drowsiness
- Increase intra cranial pressure
- coma with poor prognosis
- Meningitis rush(red color spots)
- nausea and vomiting
main sign of meningitis
- Brudzinski's sign-when we flex the neck of patient,if he/she have meningitis than it causes the flexion of the hip and knee.
- Kernig's sign- performed with the patient is supine or in setting on the chair. the hip & knee are flexed to 90 degree angle and attemt is made to extend the knee caues pain in the neck and knee
Testes for dignosis of meningitis:-
- CT Scan
- MRI
- CSF Analysis
- Blood Analysis
- Urine specific gravity
- X-Ray skull
- Brain scan
managment ;-
- Antibiotics drugs - penicillin,ampicillin
- dirurects for treatment of increased ICP ( menitol)
- pain killer drugs
Nursing diagnosis on meningitis
- Ineffective cerebral Tissue perfusion R/T increase ICP or cerebral edema
- Hyperthermia R/T Infection in the brain
- Acute pain R/T Increase ICP or Meningial irritation
- Disturbe sensory perception R/T Cerebral edema
- deficit knowledge R/T Neurologial disease
- Fear and anxiety R/T changes in perceptions and changes in health status
