Menstrual cycle lean in easy way

we all know the menstrual cycle by the name of menes or periods. Basically, it is a series of changing events that take place in the uterus and ovary by the influence of hormones to make women's pregnancy ready. In easy words, we can easily say that menstruation is nothing but just a game of hormones.

Definition- Bloody discharge from the vagina every 26- 35 days cycle is known as the menstruation cycle.

In normal menstruation, the endometrial layer of the uterus sheds off with the help of blood, this blood also contains some amount of mucous & tissues.

At the age of 13-15 in girls, the first cycle of the menstrual cycle appears which is known as menarche,
and at the age of 51-55 periods stopes ( One year without periods)  is knowns as menopause. which means the woman is not able to get pregnant.

Signs and Symptoms-

• bloody discharge through the vagina
• Mood swings 
• Abdominal cramps ( period pain)
• Breast tenderness ( Breast pain)
• Excessive hunger ( food craving)
• Restlessness

During menes cyclic changes occurs in both the ovary and uterus.

Cycles of menstruation- 

    

    1. ovarian cycle- Changes in ovarian follicles ( rough spheroid cellular aggregation set) are described as an ovarian cycle. The main purpose is ovulation and the whole cycle is controlled by FSH ( Follicle-stimulating hormone) & LH ( Luteinizing hormone).

phases of the ovarian cycle -

• follicular phase - it starts on the first day of menes & ends with ovulation. In this stage, FSH prepares Graffin follicles for releasing eggs from it.
• Ovulation-  Gragffin follicles are matured and release eggs from it due to a high level of LH hormone, which is known as LH surge. The ruptured Graffin follicle changes itself as corpus luteum.
• Luteal phase- This stager totally refers to the hormonal phase during this phase the level of LH & FSH level decreases.

    2.  Uterine Cycle-  In the uterine cycle all events happens in the uterus or we can say happen with the uterine wall thickness. This stage takes place due to changes in estrogen and progesterone hormones 

•  Menstruation stage-  Also known as the bleeding stage because the bleeding occurs in this stage due to shedding off in this stage level of estrogen and progesterone decreases. This phase normally lasts for 1 to 5 days.
• Proliferative stage-  In this stage, the layer of the uterus proliferates by the influence of estrogen. This means that the layer of endometrium starts regrowth of it.
• Secretory Phase-  This stage is related to the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle. In this stage the corpus luteum ( formed from a ruptured griffin follicle of the ovary) produces progesterone if the egg got fertilized or implanted in the uterus but if not then the excess amount of progesterone ovarian & uterine cycle starts again.